Basic knowledge of sunglasses: the main forms of optical radiation protection

u003cbru003eIn addition to reducing the radiation intensity of visible light, sunglasses can also reduce ultraviolet and infrared radiation. Polarized sunglasses can also be used to eliminate horizontal reflections on water, snow, and gravel roads. Sunglasses are more fashionable. But the fundamental role of sunglasses is to provide radiation protection for the eyes. The basic requirements for sunglasses are: eliminate unnecessary radiation bands that may be harmful to the eyes; reduce the intensity of ambient light entering the eyes, provide clear and comfortable functional vision; maintain normal color vision, which is reflected in the rapid and accurate identification Traffic signal lights; maintain the amount of dark adaptation or night vision; good impact resistance and wear resistance. Let me introduce the main forms of optical radiation protection under the basic knowledge of sunglasses. 1. Protection of ultraviolet rays The ultraviolet radiation received by humans mainly comes from nature. The continuous depletion of the ozone layer makes the protection of ultraviolet rays particularly important. The optical protection of ultraviolet radiation mainly adopts the principles of absorption, polarization, and interference filtering to remove excess light radiation. The damage of ultraviolet rays to eye tissues should be widely recognized. When people are engaged in outdoor activities or special work such as welding, they should also consciously choose glasses or contact lenses with ultraviolet filtering function to ensure eye health. For aphakic patients, an intraocular lens that can absorb ultraviolet light should be selected to protect the retina from damage. At present, the commonly used protective measures are framed mirrors, sunglasses, contact lenses, and intraocular lenses with ultraviolet absorption. 2. The protection of infrared rays The protection of infrared radiation is to use the metal coating of reflective mirror under vacuum environment. Absorptive lenses will radiate IR again in the form of heat, which can easily pass through the eye tissue to reach the retina. The commonly used metals for the film are gold, silver, copper and aluminum. The thickness of the film layer should be as small as possible compared with the corresponding radiation wavelength. If the thickness is too large, the reflection will be reduced. When considering the protection of infrared rays, it can be combined with the protection of other radiation such as ultraviolet rays. 3. Protection of visible light Sunglasses are mainly used to protect against excessive visible light radiation. For clear and comfortable vision, the brightness of 1 370 cd/m2 (400ft L) is ideal. This is equivalent to the intensity of light under the shade of a tree under full sun. Sunglasses are expressed by light transmittance or optical density, and are also expressed by shade number in the industry. The relationship between light and shadow coefficient and optical density is: light and shadow coefficient u003d 7/3 optical density + 1. The optical density of sunglasses is generally above 1.0.

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