Basic knowledge of sunglasses: UV damage to the choroid and retina

u003cbru003eIn addition to reducing the radiation intensity of visible light, sunglasses can also reduce ultraviolet and infrared radiation. Sunglasses are more fashionable. But the fundamental role of sunglasses is to provide radiation protection for the eyes. This article introduces the damage of ultraviolet rays to the choroid and retina of the basic knowledge of sunglasses. The amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface is restricted by many factors, such as season, latitude, altitude, climate, sunshine time, and reflectivity of the surrounding environment to ultraviolet radiation. Among them, the sun zenith angle, ozone concentration, cloud, and surface reflectance are important. The amount of ultraviolet radiation on the surface is not the same as that of the lens. Human activities such as personal habits, length of outdoor activities, occupation, etc. have obvious effects on the amount of ultraviolet radiation in the eyes, and other factors can also affect the amount of ultraviolet radiation in the eyes. The degree of tissue damage has a dose-dependent relationship, that is, the longer the irradiation time, the greater the dose, and the more serious the damage caused. The damage of the eye caused by ultraviolet radiation includes damage to the cornea, conjunctiva, orbicularis, lens, and related epithelium. Ultraviolet radiation damages the choroid and retina: The incidence of ocular choroidal melanoma is related to ultraviolet radiation. Dangerous factors include: blue eyes (more scattering of short-wave radiation and reaching the fundus retina), living in low latitudes, enjoying sunbathing, using fluorescent lights, frequenting the beach, living in high-altitude snowy areas for a long time, rarely Wear a sun hat or related eye protection equipment, etc. Solar macular degeneration is mostly caused by looking directly at the sun. Most of these patients will not be blind, and half of them can regain their original vision after a few months. The changes in scotopic vision are mostly due to staying in bright light for too long, which affects scotopic vision, which may be related to the damage of the rod cells of the retina. Age-related macular degeneration is also mostly related to light damage to the eye, and epidemiological studies have found that age-related macular degeneration is more closely related to blue light than ultraviolet light. In the next section, we will introduce the basic knowledge of sunglasses, the damage of visible light to human eyes.

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